145 300
258
●
RADICALS. CHESIMARD, JOANNE
DEBORAH.
Wanted by FBI. Joanne
Deborah Chesimard, Andrew Jackson,
Melvin Kazak Kearney, and Twymon
Ford Myers.
Group of four FBI Wanted
posters for Chesimard and three fellow
Black Liberation Army members, 8 x 8
inches, standard “post office” style posters.
Washington: Government
Printing Office, 1972
[600/900]
Assata Olugbala Shakur (nee JoAnne Deborah
Byron, married name Chesimard) is an African-
American activist, escaped convicted murderer, and
member of the former Black Panther Party (BPP)
and Black Liberation Army (BLA). Between
1971 and 1973, Shakur was accused of several
crimes and was the subject of a multistate manhunt. In 1973, she was involved in a shootout on the
New Jersey Turnpike, in which she was accused of killing New Jersey State Trooper Werner Foerster.
Shakur was incarcerated in several prisons in the ‘70s, but escaped from prison in 1979 and has been
living in Cuba in political asylum since 1984.
259
●
NEWTON, HUEY P.
The Role of the Church and the Survival Program.
Three, long mimeographed sheets, stapled at the top.
Np [Oakland, circa 1973]
[1,000/1,500]
From 1972-1981, the Panther Party instituted a series of “Survival Programs,” for the black commu-
nity. Programs like classes in education to combat revisionist white textbooks, breakfasts for children,
sickle-cell anemia testing and the use of the church as a platform for survival and change. Huey Newton
here acknowledges the role that the black church had traditionally played in bringing about change during
and after slavery. The early period of Christianizing the slave, and second period beginning with Nat
Turner, as an ideal of militancy, and the “Survival Program.”
260
●
NEWTON, HUEY.
On the Defection of Eldridge Cleaver from the Black
Panther Party and the Defection of the Black Panther Party from the Black
Community.
Four long mimeographed sheets, signed in type, Huey P. Newton, Minister
of Defense, Servant of the People, stapled at the top.
Np [Oakland, circa 1973]
[1,500/2,500]
A RARE AND IMPORTANT PANTHER POLICY SHIFT FROM MINISTER HUEY P
.
NEWTON
.
When
Newton was released from prison in 1973, he found the Party in such disarray that he decided to get
rid of those he saw as having dragged the party down——and he started at the top. After kicking
Cleaver out of the Party, Newton named Elaine Brown to Cleaver’s former position as Minister of
Information. Other changes followed. Newton reflects here on the origins of the Party, how he and
Bobby Seale had “been through many groups” before that had relied heavily on ritual and rhetoric.
The Panther Party, once militant and “above ground,” had gone “underground” and fallen into the
same trap as all the rest. Newton calls for militancy and the open display of an “armed” community.
NO COPIES OF THIS ARE REPORTED
.